The Weak PP is the least restrictive and allows preventive measures to be taken in the face of uncertainty, but does not require them. The requirement to justify the need for action generally falls on those advocating action.
The Strong PP requires precautionary measures. It is a strong form of "polluter pays", with the responsible party liable for the environmental harm. The burden of proof shifts to those proposing the activity that it will not cause significant harm. The public will not accept any risk, no matter what economic or social benefits may arise.
Weak:
- Pragmatic
- Take action especially if the costs are moderate
- Costs and benefits assessed
- Inclusive
- Proof on protester
- Politically correct
Strong
- Fundamentalist
- Take action no matter what the costs
- Exclusive
- Proof on developer
- Outright bans
The Queensland gas development mentioned in my earlier post is a graphic demonstration of the weak PP in action. The costs and benefits of the gas development (jobs, gas sales, investment v water pollution, toxic chemicals) were weighed, and the government agreed to the proposal.
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